I = S/E+S × … 1. Question Date: 2008-11-26: Answer 1: Plants that live in extremely hot and arid climates often keep their stomata closed during the day, to reduce the amount of water that is lost in transpiration, and open it during the cooler and more humid nighttime. If leaf area is more, transpiration is faster. Plant Factors Affecting the Rate of Transpiration. The rate of transpiration can be affected by light intensity, air movement, temperature, and humidity. Since measurements were taken every 10 minutes for an hour, the total cumulative transpiration at the end of the 60 minute period will be the transpiration rate per hour. In strong light, the rate of transpiration is more because stomata are wide open. Plants transpire more in sunny and hot days due raise in temperature because of this plants transpire as water evaporates rapidly. However, the rate of transpiration per unit area is more in smaller leaves than in larger leaves due to higher number of stomata in the small leaf. Unfortunately, much more water leaves the leaf than CO 2 enters for three reasons: H 2 O molecules are smaller than CO 2 molecules and so they move to their destination faster. This is because a plant with more root surface area will absorb more water provided that soil water is available. Light also speeds up transpiration by warming the leaf. The rate of transpiration is more during the day to keep the plant cooler. Transpiration is carried in leaves where stomata opens passage for carbondioxide and oxygen during photosynthesis. If we had run this experiment with fewer leaves, the rate would be lower; if we had run it with more leaves, it would be higher. We sweat to cool our internal body temperature, plants transpire. Therefore, to standardize our data, we will correct for the surface area of the leaves: 2. This transpiration rate is the combined rate of all the leaves working together. Number of stomata per unit area of leaf is called stomatal frequency. Environmental factors that affect the rate of transpiration. 2. Conclusions: Different environmental conditions have an effect on transpiration rate in plants. May transpiration in plants occur during night? (b) Humidity of the atmosphere: If the air outside is humid the rate of transpiration is reduced, since the outward diffusion of internal water vapour is affected. More water within the plant will mean a steeper plant-to-atmosphere vapor pressure gradient and more water to transpire within a time duration. Air that is humid does not accept water vapor easily, and drier air makes it easier for a plant to release water by evaporation through the stomata on its external surfaces. Warm conditions, wind and bright sunlight speed up transpiration rate. When the relative humidity in a plant's environment rises, its rate of transpiration lowers, and a decrease in humidity causes the transpiration rate to rise. Light Plants transpire more rapidly in the light than in the dark. The main type of potometer is the ‘bubble’ potometer shown in the figure below. That's why, and that's how it helps the plant. 1. To measure the rate of transpiration we use a piece of equipment called a potometer. This is largely because light stimulates the opening of the stomata . CO 2 is only about 0.036% of the atmosphere (and rising!) In dim light or on a cloudy day the stomata are partially closed reducing the rate of transpiration. A potometer measures how factors such as light, temperature, humidity, light intensity and wind will affect the rate of transpiration. For a more detailed answer read on: Transpiration is when water goes into the roots, goes up via the xylem, and eventually goes out the stomata. 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